What is the primary function of Merkel cells in the skin?

The primary function of Merkel cells in the skin is to detect light touch and pressure, playing a crucial role in the sensory perception of texture—essentially enabling the skin to feel softness. These specialized cells are located in the epidermis, primarily found in areas of the skin that are highly sensitive, such as the fingertips and lips. When Merkel cells are stimulated by mechanical pressure, they send signals to the nervous system, thus contributing to our ability to discern fine details in our tactile environment.

The option related to temperature detection refers more closely to thermoreceptors found in the skin rather than Merkel cells. Pain is sensed by nociceptors, which are distinct from the mechanoreceptors that include Merkel cells. Providing moisture is a function associated with sebaceous glands and the epidermis itself, rather than the role Merkel cells play in tactile sensation. Understanding these functions helps clarify the unique contribution of Merkel cells to our sensory experience.